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The Curious Case of Son Preference and Household Income in Rural China John Knight, University of Oxford Li Shi, Beijing Normal University Deng Quheng, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Graduate School of Economics Download the Paper (PDF format) - January 1, 2008 Tell a colleague about it. Printing Tips: Select 'print as image' in the Acrobat print dialog if you have trouble printing. ABSTRACT: Why is it that couples who have a son or whose last child is a son earn higher conditional income? To solve this curious case we tell a detective story: evidence of a phenomenon to be explained, a parade of suspects, a process of elimination from the enquiry, and then the denouement. Given the draconian family planning policy and a common perception that there is strong son preference in rural China, we postulate two main hypotheses: income-based sex selection making it more likely that richer households have sons, and an incentive for households with sons to raise their income. Tests of each hypothesis are conducted. The evidence is inconsistent with the sex selection hypothesis but the incentive hypothesis cannot be rejected; and there is evidence in support of the channels through which the incentive effect might operate. To our knowledge, this is the first study to test these hypotheses in rural China and more generally in developing countries. SUGGESTED CITATION: John Knight, Li Shi, and Deng Quheng, "The Curious Case of Son Preference and Household Income in Rural China" (January 1, 2008). The Centre for the Study of African Economies Working Paper Series. Working Paper 282. http://www.bepress.com/csae/paper282